BUTTERFLY PEA

Vivid-blueEarthy-mildpH-shifting
Butterfly Pea — Vivid-blue, Earthy-mild, pH-shifting
Botanical name
Clitoria ternatea
Also known as
Blue Pea, Asian Pigeonwings, Anchan, Bunga Telang, Aparajita, Shankhupushpam
Main flavour compound
Delphinidin-3-glucoside
Part used
Flower (dried)
Method of cultivation
A perennial herbaceous legume of the Fabaceae family that grows as a vine or creeper, bearing solitary, vivid deep-blue flowers about 4 cm long with light-yellow markings. Native to equatorial Asia and cultivated as a fast-growing ornamental and nitrogen-fixing cover crop across South and Southeast Asia, where the flowers are picked for tea, food colouring and dye.
Commercial preparation
Flowers are harvested by hand and dried whole, then sold as loose dried petals for tea and for steeping as a natural blue colourant. The polyacylated pigment is heat-tolerant up to around 60–70°C but light-sensitive, so good product is kept dry and out of direct sun.
Non-culinary uses
Natural blue dye and food colourant; ornamental garden vine; nitrogen-fixing forage and cover crop; long history in Ayurvedic and Southeast Asian traditional medicine.

Butterfly Pea — Clitoria ternatea — is a slender perennial legume that grows as a vine or creeper, scrambling happily up fences and trellises across the warm tropics. [source] Its glory is the flower: a solitary, vivid deep-blue bloom about 4 cm long, marked with a flash of light yellow at the throat. [source] It is those petals — not leaf, seed or root — that the world picks, dries and steeps for one of nature's most theatrical blues.

Whole dried flowers

The standard form — steep a small handful in warm (not boiling) spirit or water to draw out the blue.

Loose petals / butterfly pea tea

Same flower sold as anchan tea; steep briefly for colour, longer for a fuller earthy note.

Region of cultivation

Butterfly Pea — growing regions

Butterfly Pea is primarily cultivated in Indonesia — Ternate, Maluku (Moluccas) — origin reflected in the species name ternatea, with secondary growing regions in Equatorial Asia — South Asia and Southeast Asia (Thailand, Malaysia, India) for cultivation and tea use.

Spice Story

This is a flower whose name carries its own passport. The species epithet ternatea points to Ternate, a small volcanic island in the Moluccas of Indonesia, from where European botanists first catalogued it — and across equatorial Asia it has been woven into kitchens for centuries. [source] In Thailand the dried petals become nam dok anchan, a deep-blue tea served sweetened with honey and lemon, the lemon tipping the cup from blue to purple. [source] In Malaysia the same blue stains the rice of nasi kerabu, and across the region the flower has coloured glutinous rice and sweets for generations. [source] What looks like a modern Instagram trick is in truth an old pigment, freshly rediscovered — the original colour-changing magic, painted in petals.

Gin Creativity

Reach for Butterfly Pea when you want a gin that performs. A full sachet steeped in your spirit pulls a deep indigo-to-purple; a partial amount gives a softer wash of colour while keeping the flower's mild, earthy note in the background. [source] It adds almost no competing flavour, so it sits behind your juniper rather than fighting it. Pair it with Lemon Myrtle or a twist of citrus at serving time — that is what triggers the blue-to-pink reveal in the glass.

Blending Science

Main flavour compounds

Botanical Bu BUTTERFLY PEA
Skeletal diagram of Delphinidin-3-glucoside Delphinidin-3-glucoside
Skeletal diagram of Ternatins (A1–A3, B1–B4, C1–C5, D1–D3) Ternatins (A1–A3, B1–B4, C1–C5, D1–D3)
Skeletal diagram of Delphinidin Delphinidin
Skeletal diagram of p-Coumaric acid p-Coumaric acid

Butterfly Pea is a colour botanical, not an aroma one — its character is pigment chemistry. The blue comes from ternatins, a family of polyacylated delphinidin triglucosides built on a delphinidin-3-glucoside core. [source] These anthocyanins are pH-responsive: violet-blue around pH 3.2–5.2, light blue through neutral, and red below pH 3.2 — so a squeeze of acidic citrus pulls the liquid from blue toward purple-pink. [source] The pigment is stable to around 60–70°C but light-sensitive, which is why you steep in cool spirit and keep the bottle out of the sun. [source] The flavour itself stays mild and earthy — closer to a fine green tea than to anything sweet. [source]

Food Partners

  • Glutinous rice and nasi kerabu: the flower's traditional culinary home, where it dyes rice a striking blue. [source]
  • Citrus desserts: a squeeze of lemon or lime turns the blue to pink — pretty on lemon tarts and posset.
  • Green-tea sweets: its earthy, green-tea-like note sits naturally beside matcha and mochi.
  • Honey-and-lemon drinks: the classic anchan-tea pairing, sweet against earthy.
  • Clear cocktails and spritzes: lets the colour shift be the whole show.

Cocktails To Try

GinSchool intaglio bottle and cocktail
  • Colour-changing G&T: blue butterfly-pea gin poured over ice, then tonic and a citrus squeeze to shift it to pink. [source]
  • Empress 1908: the best-known butterfly-pea-coloured gin, a deep indigo from the flower. [source]
  • Sharish Blue Magic / McHenry Butterfly Gin: Portuguese and Tasmanian craft examples built on the same colour-shift trick. [source]
  • Blue Martini: butterfly-pea gin, dry vermouth, a twist of lemon for the reveal.

Release The Flavour

  • Heat: steep in cool or barely-warm spirit, not boiling — the pigment fades above about 70°C. [source]
  • Alcohol: spirit draws the blue out fast; about an hour of steeping gives an intense indigo-to-purple. [source]
  • Acid: add citrus only at serving time — that is the pH trigger that flips blue to pink. [source]
  • Light: keep the finished bottle out of direct sun; the colour is light-sensitive and will dull over time. [source]

Discover more

Sources & Citations

  1. scientific_name (Clitoria ternatea L., Fabaceae):GBIF Backbone Taxonomy species match, usageKey 2946519 (C...
  2. form_and_flower (perennial legume vine, vivid deep-blue solitary flowers ~4cm with yellow markings):en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitoria_ternatea
  3. native_range_and_name (native to the Indonesian island of Ternate; equatorial / South & SE Asia; species name ternatea):en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitoria_ternatea
  4. pigments_ternatins (polyacylated derivatives of delphinidin 3,3',5'-triglucoside; 15 ternatins A1-A3,B1-B4,C1-C5,D1-D3; delphinidin-3-O-glucoside foundation):Anthocyanins From Clitoria ternatea Flower, Frontiers in ...
  5. pH_colour_transitions (red <3.2; violet-blue 3.2-5.2; light blue 5.2-8.2; light blue to dark green 8.2-10.2; yellow chalcone at high pH; flavylium/quinoidal/chalcone):Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12:792303 — www.frontier...
  6. stability (thermally stable ~60-70°C, degrades >100°C; good storage stability; less photostable):Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12:792303 — www.frontier...
  7. culinary_colourant (colours glutinous rice and Malaysian nasi kerabu; anchan tea in Thailand; turns purple/pink with lemon):en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_pea_flower_tea
  8. flavour_mild_earthy (earthy and woody, more like a fine green tea; in gin a barely-noticeable delicate floral/earthy note):en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_pea_flower_tea ; cocktail...
  9. colour_changing_gin_trend (blue/purple gin shifts to pink with citrus/tonic; mixologist theatre; brands Empress 1908, Sharish Blue Magic, McHenry, Swan River):www.craftginclub.co.uk/ginnedmagazine/everything-you-need...
  10. pubchem_cids (delphinidin-3-glucoside 165558; delphinidin 128853; ternatin A1 16173494):PubChem REST name lookups — pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
  11. hero_image:iStock royalty-free licence (asset 1483212272)